Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Ecological site R226XY031AK
Moss/Willow (Coastal) (AK653 St Paul Island)
Accessed: 09/24/2026
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Provisional. A provisional ecological site description has undergone quality control and quality assurance review. It contains a working state and transition model and enough information to identify the ecological site.
Table 1. Dominant plant species
Tree Not specified
Shrub Not specified
Herbaceous Not specified
Physiographic features
Occurs on flat broad ridges and gently slpoing hillsides near the coast.
Table 2. Representative physiographic features
Landforms (1) Coastal plain
Elevation 30 – 200 ft Slope 4 – 16 % Aspect Aspect is not a significant factor Climatic features
Table 3 Representative climatic features
Frost-free period (average) 120 days Freeze-free period (average) 100 days Precipitation total (average) 20 in BarLineFigure 1. Monthly precipitation range
BarLineFigure 2. Monthly average minimum and maximum temperature
">Influencing water features
Soil features
Soils are generally deep and moderately well drained. Textures below the surface are medium, but a sand layer often occurs at the surface. Soil pH is neutral. Runoff is low and permeability is moderate to rapid.
Table 4. Representative soil features
Surface texture (1) Gravelly sand
Family particle size (1) Sandy
Drainage class Moderately well drained Permeability class Moderate to rapid Soil depth 40 – 60 in Surface fragment cover <=3" Not specified Surface fragment cover >3" Not specified Available water capacity
(0-40in)5.6 – 5.8 in Calcium carbonate equivalent
(0-40in)Not specified Electrical conductivity
(0-40in)Not specified Sodium adsorption ratio
(0-40in)Not specified Soil reaction (1:1 water)
(0-40in)6.6 – 7.3 Subsurface fragment volume <=3"
(Depth not specified)Not specified Subsurface fragment volume >3"
(Depth not specified)Not specified Ecological dynamics
State and transition model
More interactive model formats are also available. View Interactive Models
Click on state and transition labels to scroll to the respective textEcosystem states
State 1 submodel, plant communities
State 1
Lupinus nootkatensis/ Salix ovalifoliaCommunity 1.1
Lupinus nootkatensis/ Salix ovalifoliaShrubs make up about 40% of the composition, sedges and grasses 15% and forbs about 45% of the composition. Total annual vascular herbage production is 1010 pounds/acre. Total live lichen biomass is 3000 pounds/acre.
Figure 3. Annual production by plant type (representative values) or group (midpoint values)
Additional community tables
Table 5. Community 1.1 plant community composition
Group Common name Symbol Scientific name Annual production () Foliar cover (%) Shrub/Vine1 350–450 oval-leaf willow SAOV Salix ovalifolia 390–410 – Grass/Grasslike1 145–155 red fescue FERU2 Festuca rubra 145–155 – Bering chickweed CEBE2 Cerastium beeringianum 0–5 – common woodrush LUMU2 Luzula multiflora 0–5 – spike trisetum TRSP2 Trisetum spicatum 0–5 – American dunegrass LEMOM2 Leymus mollis ssp. mollis 0–1 – Forb1 425–500 Nootka lupine LUNO Lupinus nootkatensis 170–180 – Pacific hemlockparsley COGM Conioselinum gmelinii 145–155 – boreal yarrow ACMIB Achillea millefolium var. borealis 125–135 – sweetflower rockjasmine ANCH Androsace chamaejasme 0–5 – seacoast angelica ANLU Angelica lucida 0–5 – field horsetail EQAR Equisetum arvense 0–5 – Lapland poppy PALA9 Papaver lapponicum 0–5 – northern Jacob's-ladder POBO2 Polemonium boreale 0–5 – villous cinquefoil POVI4 Potentilla villosa 0–5 – larkspurleaf monkshood ACDE2 Aconitum delphiniifolium 0–5 – Interpretations
Animal community
This is a high value winter reindeer range. Grazing should be carefully monitored to avoid overuse of the oval-leaf willow. Reindeer have a tendency to concentrate on this site during winter because they are attracted to the lichens.
Supporting information
Contributors
David Swanson
Rangeland health reference sheet
Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health is a qualitative assessment protocol used to determine ecosystem condition based on benchmark characteristics described in the Reference Sheet. A suite of 17 (or more) indicators are typically considered in an assessment. The ecological site(s) representative of an assessment location must be known prior to applying the protocol and must be verified based on soils and climate. Current plant community cannot be used to identify the ecological site.
Author(s)/participant(s) Contact for lead author Date Approved by Approval date Composition (Indicators 10 and 12) based on Annual Production Indicators
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Number and extent of rills:
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Presence of water flow patterns:
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Number and height of erosional pedestals or terracettes:
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Bare ground from Ecological Site Description or other studies (rock, litter, lichen, moss, plant canopy are not bare ground):
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Number of gullies and erosion associated with gullies:
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Extent of wind scoured, blowouts and/or depositional areas:
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Amount of litter movement (describe size and distance expected to travel):
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Soil surface (top few mm) resistance to erosion (stability values are averages - most sites will show a range of values):
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Soil surface structure and SOM content (include type of structure and A-horizon color and thickness):
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Effect of community phase composition (relative proportion of different functional groups) and spatial distribution on infiltration and runoff:
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Presence and thickness of compaction layer (usually none; describe soil profile features which may be mistaken for compaction on this site):
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Functional/Structural Groups (list in order of descending dominance by above-ground annual-production or live foliar cover using symbols: >>, >, = to indicate much greater than, greater than, and equal to):
Dominant:
Sub-dominant:
Other:
Additional:
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Amount of plant mortality and decadence (include which functional groups are expected to show mortality or decadence):
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Average percent litter cover (%) and depth ( in):
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Expected annual annual-production (this is TOTAL above-ground annual-production, not just forage annual-production):
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Potential invasive (including noxious) species (native and non-native). List species which BOTH characterize degraded states and have the potential to become a dominant or co-dominant species on the ecological site if their future establishment and growth is not actively controlled by management interventions. Species that become dominant for only one to several years (e.g., short-term response to drought or wildfire) are not invasive plants. Note that unlike other indicators, we are describing what is NOT expected in the reference state for the ecological site:
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Perennial plant reproductive capability:
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